Menene rarrabuwar baturi na sabbin motocin makamashi?

Sabbin motocin lantarki na makamashi suna ƙara zama zaɓi na farko ga mutane da yawa don siyan motoci.Sun fi motocin mai wayo da tattalin arziki, amma baturi har yanzu babban batu ne, kamar rayuwar baturi, yawa, nauyi, farashi da aminci.A zahiri, akwai nau'ikan batura masu ƙarfi da yawa.A yau, zan yi magana da ku game da nau'ikan sabbin batura masu ƙarfi a halin yanzu.
Don haka, batirin wutar lantarki na yanzu gabaɗaya sun haɗa da nau'ikan nau'ikan, wato ternary lithium baturi, batirin lithium baƙin ƙarfe phosphate, batirin lithium cobalt oxide, batir hydride ƙarfe nickel, da batura masu ƙarfi.Daga cikin su, sabbin trams na makamashi gabaɗaya suna amfani da batir lithium na ternary da batir phosphate na lithium iron phosphate, wanda shine abin da ake kira "jarumai biyu masu fafatawa don samun nasara".

Baturin lithium na ternary: Na yau da kullun shine jerin nickel-cobalt-manganese na CATL.Hakanan akwai jerin nickel-cobalt-aluminum a cikin masana'antar.Ana ƙara nickel zuwa baturin don ƙara ƙarfin ajiyar baturin da inganta rayuwar baturi.
An kwatanta shi da ƙananan girman, nauyi mai sauƙi, babban ƙarfin makamashi, game da 240Wh / kg, rashin kwanciyar hankali na zafi, kuma ya fi dacewa ga matsalolin konewa.Yana da juriya ga ƙananan zafin jiki amma ba ga yanayin zafi ba.Ƙananan iyakar amfani da ƙananan zafin jiki shine rage 30 ° C, kuma ana rage ikon da kusan 15% a cikin hunturu.Matsakaicin zafin da ke gudu yana kusa da 200 ° C-300 ° C, kuma haɗarin konewa da sauri yana da yawa.

Lithium iron phosphate baturi: yana nufin baturin lithium-ion ta amfani da lithium baƙin ƙarfe phosphate a matsayin tabbataccen lantarki abu da carbon a matsayin korau electrode abu.Idan aka kwatanta da baturan lithium na ternary, kwanciyar hankali na zafi ya fi kyau kuma farashin samar da shi ya ragu.Haka kuma, zagayowar rayuwar batirin lithium iron phosphate zai yi tsayi, gabaɗaya sau 3,500, yayin da batirin lithium na ternary gabaɗaya ya fara lalacewa kusan sau 2,000 na caji da fitarwa.
Lithium cobalt oxide baturi: Lithium cobalt oxide baturi kuma reshe ne na baturin lithium-ion.Batirin lithium cobalt oxide suna da tsayayyen tsari, girman iya aiki da ingantaccen aiki.Koyaya, batirin lithium cobalt oxide suna da ƙarancin aminci da tsada mai tsada.Ana amfani da batirin lithium cobalt oxide galibi don ƙananan batura masu girma da matsakaici.Batir ne gama gari a cikin samfuran lantarki kuma galibi ba a amfani da su a cikin motoci.
Batirin hydride na nickel-metal: Batirin hydride na nickel-metal sabon nau'in baturi ne na kore wanda aka haɓaka a cikin 1990s.Yana da halaye na babban makamashi, tsawon rai, kuma babu gurɓatacce.Electrolyte na nickel-metal hydride baturi shine maganin potassium hydroxide wanda ba zai iya ƙonewa ba, don haka ko da matsaloli irin su gajeriyar da'ira batir sun faru, gabaɗaya ba zai haifar da konewa ba.An tabbatar da aminci kuma tsarin masana'antu ya balaga.

Koyaya, ingancin cajin batir hydride nickel-metal matsakaici ne, ba zai iya amfani da caji mai sauri mai ƙarfi ba, kuma aikin sa ya fi na batir lithium muni.Don haka, bayan yaɗuwar amfani da batir lithium, ana iya maye gurbin batir ɗin nickel-metal hydride a hankali.